L’alphabet français / The French Alphabet

The French alphabet has 26 letters, just like English! However, the pronunciation is quite different. Let’s learn each letter with its French name and an example word.

The 26 Letters

Letter French Name Sounds Like Example Word
A a a “ah” ami (friend)
B b “bay” bonjour (hello)
C c “say” café (coffee)
D d “day” demain (tomorrow)
E e e “uh” eau (water)
F f effe “eff” famille (family)
G g “zhay” garçon (boy)
H h ache “ahsh” heure (hour)
I i i “ee” ici (here)
J j ji “zhee” jour (day)
K k ka “kah” kilo (kilo)
L l elle “ell” livre (book)
M m emme “em” merci (thank you)
N n enne “en” nuit (night)
O o o “oh” orange (orange)
P p “pay” paris (Paris)
Q q ku “koo” quatre (four)
R r erre “air” rue (street)
S s esse “ess” soleil (sun)
T t “tay” table (table)
U u u “oo” (lips rounded) un (one)
V v “vay” ville (city)
W w double vé “doo-bluh vay” week-end (weekend)
X x ixe “eeks” taxi (taxi)
Y y i grec “ee grek” yeux (eyes)
Z z zède “zed” zéro (zero)

Key Differences from English

  • G is pronounced “zhay” (like the “s” in “measure”)
  • J is pronounced “zhee” (soft, not like English “jay”)
  • H is always silent in French words
  • R comes from the throat (the famous French “r”)
  • U has no English equivalent – round your lips and say “ee”
  • W is called “double vé” (double v), not “double u”
  • Y is called “i grec” (Greek i)

Quick Exercise

Practice spelling these French words letter by letter:

  1. chat (cat) → cé – ache – a – té
  2. soleil (sun) → esse – o – elle – e – i – elle
  3. bonjour (hello) → bé – o – enne – ji – o – u – erre

Bonne chance! (Good luck!)